Hydraulic elevator



(No Model.) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. H. REYNOLDS.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

No. 328,614. Pat nted Oct. 20, 1885.

8 o f/ifrz ysesx- N. PEI'ERS. PrwwLnno n her, Washmglon, D. C.

(No Model.) '4 She e ts-Sheet 2.

G. H. REYNOLDS.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

No. 328,614. Patented Oct. 20, 1885.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

G. H. REYNOLDS.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

N0. 328,614. Patented Oct. 20, 1885.

, Q N =k N. PETERS. Fhutulflhngnpher, Washmglon. n. c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

G. H. REYNOLDS.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

. Patented Oct. 20, 1.885.

Dawn/kw.-

N. PETERS. PhnlmLilhographer. Washingmm 9. c.

lJNrrEE STATES PATENT Cr mea,

GEORGE H. REYNOLDS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE HALF TO CRANEBROTHERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 328,614, dated October20, 1885.

Application filed December 10, 1884. Serial No. 150,028. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. REvNoLDs, of the city and county of NewYork, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful 5Improvement in Hydraulic Elevators, of which the following is aspecification.

For operating elevators by hydraulic power there are commonly employed acylinder, and a piston movable therein by water-pressure,

I and having connected with it a sheave or sheaves, over or around whichthe hoistingcables are passed, the cables being drawn down by themovement of the piston to produce the rising movement of the car or cab,and the 1 piston being returned by the weight of the car or cab when thecontrolling-valve is opened to permit the discharge of water from thecylinder.

The invention relates more particularly to hydraulic apparatus, of thekind above described, in which the cylinder is of comparatively largesize and only a fraction of the length required to lift the car, thecylinder being arranged horizontally and the move ment of the pistonbeing multiplied by means of two sets of sheaves or pulleysone set beingarranged side by side in fixed bearings at the back end of the cylinder,and the other set being mounted in and carried by the mov- 0 ingcross-head, with which the piston is connected. The hoisting-cables areattached at the end to a fixed abutment, which may be formed on thecylinder, and are thence carried back and forth between and over the 3 5two sets of sheaves or pulleys, and thence up ward over the sheave orpulley at the top of the wellway or shaft, and down to the car, and whenthe piston moves one foot the car will be moved a number of feetcorrespond- 0 ing to the number of courses or lengths of cable whichextend between the two sets of sheaves.

Although, as above stated, the invention relates more particularly toapparatus of the kind last-above described, certain features of theinvention are applicable to hydraulicelevator apparatus whether thecylinder and piston be arranged horizontally or vertically, and whetherthe movement of the piston be multiplied many times in the car or onlydoubled, as is common in many elevators now in use.

A clear understanding of my invention will be facilitated by a briefdescription of an apparatus which combines all the features of theinvention, and which will be hereinafter described in detail.

The cylinder is arranged horizontally, and is open at the front end. Thepiston, which is fitted to the cylinder, has a piston-rod, which mayconsist of a piece of pipe or tube, and to which is attached across-head provided with rollers which travel upon guides or railsparallel with the cylinder. One set of sheaves occupy a fixed positionat the back end of the cylinder, and this end is partly cast integralwith the cylinder, leaving an aperture large enough to receive aboring-bar, and which is subsequently closed by a removable head. Thisremovable head is centered in '70 the partly-closed end of the cylinder,and has formed integral with it brackets which support the fixed axle orshaft on which one set of sheaves turn. The movable set of sheaves arefree to turn independently of each other on an axle or shaft fixed inthe movable crosshead.

In connection with the cylinder and piston, constructed as described, Imay use any suitable valve for controlling the flow of water to thecylinder and the discharge of water from the cylinder; but I prefer touse a valve such as is shown and described in my Letters Patent datedMarch 31, 1885, and numbered 819E720. In that valve is a casing orcasting which comprises a valve-cylinder and two controlling-cylinderson opposite sides thereof, and the main valve,which consists of twopiston-heads, has attached to and moving with it two controlling-pistonsfitted to said con- 0 trolling-cylinders. This casing is constructedwith a central belt, which communicates with the valvecylinder by aworking-port, which is by the movement of the main valve placed incommunication with the supply or discharge 9 5 spaces of the valve, orcovered entirely to hold the piston stationary. The main valve isoperated by water-pressure acting on the controllingpistons, and theoperation of the said pistons and main valve is controlled by anauxiliary or pilot valve, which is shifted by the operator in the car.

Diffieulty is often experienced by reason of air accumulating'in thecylinder of a hydraulic elevator, and to prevent this I connect the topof the horizontal cylinder with the valvecasing by a pipe which extendsupward from the top of the cylinder, and offers a free avenue of escapethrough the valve for any air which may be in the cylinder. If this pipebe connected with the workingbelt of the valve above described, then theflow through it is controlled by the main valve, and all air and theirwater can escape through said pipe only when water is being dischargedthrough the main valve. Any waste of water through said air-pipe whilethe piston is being moved by water-pressure is thereby prevented.

The pipewhich serves for the supply and discharge of water to and fromthe cylinder, and which is controlled by the valve, I conmeet with theextreme bottom of the cylinder, and hence any foreign matter in thecylinder will always be carried outwith the rush of water through thevalve, and will not be allowed to accumulate therein.

The valve above described may be connected directly with the cylinder;but I prefer to interpose between them a safety or shutoff valve, whichwill be automatically operated as the piston comes to the ends of itsmovement, to nearly shut off the supply of water to or the escape ofwater from the cylinder, and so bring the piston and car almost to astandstill. This safety or shut-off valve in what is now considered itsmost approved form consists of a casing interposed between the change orreversing valve and the cylinder, and fitted with balanced disks orheads,which are connected,

and byaxial movement open or close the passage through the casing. Thisvalve has con nected with its stem a small unbalanced piston by whichthe valve is always kept open until closed by an-outside force, and bywhich it is always opened, as the agent which closed the valve recedesfrom the part on which it has acted to close the valve. In connectionwith the valve which is thus automatically closed,

v I provide a regulated leakage, which may be soon describe.

in the valve itself or around it, and which provides for the passage ofenough water to or from the cylinder to complete the movement of thepiston very slowly and bring it gradually to a stop against buffers,which I shall I prefer to make each pistonhead'or disk of the safety orshut off valve of twoplates, which may be adjusted circumferentiallyrelatively to each other, and thereby set to more or less close circularseries of holes with which they are provided.

The stem of the safety or shut-off valve above described I connect by arod with a lever arranged at the front end of the cylinder. 'As beforestated, this valve is always held open by the pressure on its unbalancedpiston unless otherwise acted on; but when the piston nears the outerend of its direct movement it strikes a push-rod, and so closes thesafety or shut-0E valve, leaving the leakage through said valve to,gradually bring the piston to the end of its movement. When the pistonnears the end of its return movement, a roller on the crosshead bearsagainst the cam-face on the safetylever, and so shuts the safety-valve,asbefore described. When the change or reversing valve has been shifted,and the piston commences its reverse movement, the water leaking throughthe safety or shut-off valve. effects the starting of the piston veryslowly until the said valve is opened gradually as the agent which hasclosed it (the piston or roller) recedes, and thereafter the pistonmoves at full speed. It will therefore be seen that the piston is alwaysstarted at the commencement of its stroke with the same speed which ithad in stopping.

A further object of my invention is to pro vide a buffer which is strongenough to stop the piston at each end of its movement, even if thesafety or shut-off valve and connections shall fail to act, and thepiston shall strike the bufier at full speed. To this end I attach tothe front and open end of the cylinder a strong and rigid cross-bar, andI provide the piston and cross-head with blocks of india-rubber, whichstrike against the said cross-bar at each end of the pistons movement.To prevent any possibility of the buffer-bar or cross-bar tearing loosefrom the cylinder in case the piston strikes it, I re-enforce the endportion of the cylinder by ribs and integral braces,which give the-boltsthat secure the buffer-bar a very strong hold on the cylinder. Ifdesired, the buffer-bar or cross-bar might be provided with rubberblocks, and the piston and cross-head formed with projecting necks orhubs to strike upon the buffer-blocks.

The machine will be described in detail with reference to theaccompanying drawings, and its several features afterward pointed out inthe claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of amachine of the kindabove described, the piston being partly run out. Fig. 2 is a planthereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudimiddle portion of the cylinderbeing removed to reduce the length of the figure. Fig. 4 is a transversesection and end view on. the plane of the dotted line at m, Fig. 3. Fig.5 is ahorizontal section of the front end portion of the cylinder andthe buffer-bar. verse section on the plane of the dotted line 3 y, Fig.3. Fig. 7 is alongitudinal section of the reversing or change valve andthe safety or shut-off valve on a larger scale. Fig. 8 is a sectionalview on the plane of the dotted line z a, Fig. 7, and Figs. 9 and 10 aresectional detail views, hereinafter described.

' Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

A designates the cylinder, which is of cast Fig. 6 is a trans-.

cylinder is open,and at the other or back end it is closed bya removablehead, A. As here shown, the head A is much smaller than the cylinder,the latter being cast with an aperture, a, only large enough to admit aboringbar, and the head has a projection which enters this aperture a,and thereby centers the head relatively to the cylinder.

The head A is here shown as having integral arms or brackets A, in whichis fixed a shaft or axle, b, and on said shaft or axle are a number ofsheaves, B, which are capable of rotating freely and independently ofeach other. This construction provides for the holding of the sheaves Bin proper central relation to the cylinder, and enables thecylinder-head to support them without any other support.

The cylinder Ais constructed with integral circumferential ribs orflanges A whereby it is re-enforced and prevented from becoming oval inshape owing to great weight, and these reenforcing brackets or portionsalso form feet or standards whereby the cylinder is supported on asuitable foundation, 0.

To the cylinder is fitted a piston, D, which may be of ail-suitableconstruction. The piston here shown and which I now prefer to use, issimilar in most respects to that shown and described in my applicationfor United States Letters Patent tiled September 20, 1884, and

the serial number of which is 143,523, and no detail description thereofis necessary. The piston is provided with suitable packing, 0*, which Iprefer to arrange in a plane slightly oblique to the axis of thecylinder. The pack ing 0* is nearer the rear end of the cylinder at thetop than at the bottom of the piston, as shown in Fig. 3, and as thepressure of water always acts at right angles to the plane of thepacking,it will be evident that the water will have a tendency to liftthe piston and to balance the weight, thereby relieving the bottom ofthe cylinder of undue wear.

D designates the piston-rod,whieh may consist ofa pipe ortube screwedinto the piston D, and around the rod in the front side of the piston isa circular cavity, 0, in which is fitted a buffer-block, c, of rubber orother yielding substitute therefor, the purpose of which will behereinafter described. It will be observed that the cavity 0, whereinthis block is placed is larger in diameter than the block, and this isnecessary to allow the block to expand laterally when pressure comesupon its face. If the block fitted snugly in the'cavity, when the blockis not under pressure the force exerted by the lateral expansion of theblock under pressure might be sufficient to split the piston.

The front end of the rod D is fixed in a cross-head, E, which comprisesarms or brackets E, in which is fixed a shaft or axle, b, and upon saidshaft or axle are free to turn independently of each other a number ofsheaves, B, allof which are carried by the cross-head. The crosshead Eis mounted up on or provided with wheels or rollers (Z, which run upontracks or ways 6, parallel with the axis of the cylinder and with eachother. Both the tracks or ways may be and preferably are cast integralwith cross-bars which connect them, andhence their parallelism will bemaintained.

F designates the cables, only one of which is shown, but the sheaves B Bare represented in Fig. 2 as grooved for four cables. The cables areattached rigidly at their one end to a projection or abutment, f, on thecylinder, and are thence passed to and fro between and around the twosets of sheaves B B, and upward over the usual overhead sheave, (nothere shown,) from which they pass down to the car. The cables may besupported in their upper and lower travel between the sheaves B B bysmall sheaves f. (Shown in Fig. 1, but which are omitted from Fig. 2 inorder not to hide the parts below.) The crosshead E is also providedwith a cavity, 0, in which is also placed a rubber block, 0, as bestshown in Fig. 3. 7

As before stated, the front end of the cylinder is not closed but hasattached to it a crossbar or buffer-bar, G, which is shown in Figs. 3,4, and 5. This is here shown as cast metal and is attached to thecylinder by bolts g at each end of the cross-bar. As best shown in Fig.1, these boltsg are not merely inserted through a flange on thecylinder, but the cylinder is re-enforced at the ends by ribs or flangesg,which extend clear back to the first re-enforeing-band and form seats9*, in which long bolts may be laid and on which the heads of the boltsmay bear. The bufferbar G has on each side a circular boss or neck, 0 ofa size to bear upon the rubber buffer-block c in the piston or crosshead, and so arrest the piston in its movement in either direction.These parts should be made of sufiicient strength to withstand thestrain even if the piston comes at full speed to the end [of its stroke,and for and heavy, and the portion thereof which forms the boss or neck0 on the inner side of bar proper near the securing-bolts g, and sothrow the strain upon these bolts and not on the middle portion of thebar. If desired, the parts of the buffer might be reversed and anindia-rubber block or other spring arranged in each side of thebuffer-bar for the impact of bosses or projections on the piston andcross head.

The main change or reversing valve is shown in elevation and plan inFigs. 1 and 2, and on a larger scale and in longitudinal and transverseseetion in Figs. 7 and 8. As this valve is similar to that shown in myaforesaid Letters Patent No 314,720, but little description thereof isnecessary.

H designates the external easing of the valve, wherein are constructedlarger and smaller controlling-cylinders, H H and an interposedvalve-cylinder, H. The waterinlet H is between the cylinders H H, and

this reason the bufier-bar is made very deep the bar is spreadlaterally, so as to join the the water outlet H is between the cylindersH H. The lining h of the cylinders has a circumferential series ofopenings, h communicating with a belt, 11 from which leads the outlet Hand the valve-cylinder H also has openings h which communicate with theworking-belt H, from which the working-passage H leads to the maincylinder A.

To the cylinder H and II are fitted larger and smallercontrolling-pistons, K K, and to the valvecylinder H" is fitted a valve,K consisting of two disks or piston-heads. The pistons and valve areconnected by a rod, K to move simultanously, and through a lever, a, andvalve-stem n this rod is connected with and operates an auxiliary valve,K arranged within a chest, H, from which ports a a lead to the outer endof the larger controlling-cylinder H and to the exhaust or dischargebelt'Not only is the auxiliary valve K moved automatically by thecontrolling-pistons and main valve during the movement of the latter',but it maybe automatically shifted by hand by means of a lever or arm,n, which is connected by a rod, n with the lever n, and

' valve.

with which are connected appliances accessible from the elevator-car andnot here shown.

The valvechest H is supplied with water under pressure by a pipe, 0,leading from the supply-belt H*. In Fig. 7 the valve Kf and pistons K Kare shifted to place the supply belt H in communication with theworkingbelt 11 through the openings h and thence water may pass to theworking cylinder A. Fig. 7 also represents the auxiliary valve K ashaving just been shifted by hand to uncover the port a and admit waterunder pressure from the chest H to the outer end of thecontrolling-cylinder H The pressure of water on the larger controllingpiston, K, toward the right will then balance the pressure of water onthe main valve K toward the left, and the main valve and controllingpistons will be moved toward the right by the unbalanced pressure on thesmaller controlling-piston, K. This movement will continue until theauxiliary valve has been moved automatically to cover the port a, atwhich time the main valve will have moved sufficiently to place theworking-belt H in communication with the exhaust-belt 11 through theopenings h and h If it be desired to shift the main valve again to theleft and to the position shown in Fig. 7, the auxiliary valve K is movedby hand so as to place the ports in? WV in communication through thepassage a in the auxiliary The left-hand end 'of the larger controllingcylinder, H will thus be placed in communication with the exhaust-beltH"*, and the left side of the controlling-piston K relieved of pressure.The pressure on the valve K toward the left will then overbalanee thepressure on the smaller controlling-piston, K, toward the right, and themain valve and controlling-pistons will be moved by such excess ofpressure toward the left-hand and brought to the position shown in Fig.7.

Considerable difficulty is caused in hydraulic cylinders of elevators byreason of the accumulation of air therein, and to prevent this I connectthe top of the cylinder A by a pipe, h, with the working-belt H3 l ofthe valve-casing, from which the passage H leads. This pipe h willtherefore be controlled by the main valve in the casing H, and no watercan escape therefrom when the valve is set to admit water under pressureto the cylinder. When the valve is set to allow the discharge of waterfrom the cylinder, the water will force the air out through the pipe hat each stroke, and consequently no air can accumulate in the cylinder.

The passage H communicates with the extreme bottom of the cylinder A, asseen in Fig. 6, and consequently any foreign matter in the cylinder willbe carried out with the rush of water, and will not accumulate therein.

The passage H may be uninterrupted from the reversing or change valve inthe casing H to the cylinder; but I prefer to arrange in the saidpassage a safety or shut-off valve, which will be operated automaticallyas the piston approaches very near the end of its movement. The valvewhich I now prefer to use is shown best in Figs. 7 and 8, to which I nowparticularly refer.

I designates the casing, which is connected by nozzles or branches withthe other portions of the passage H In the casing I are circularapertures or openings 1: i, which are controlled by two heads ordisk-valves I I, which are on a common stem, I Each disk-valve or head Iis composed of two plates, i, which have in them circular series ofopenings or holes 13*, which range with each other in their entiallyrelatively to each other, so as to entirely close or more or lessenlarge the opening allowed through the openings or holes t*, and theymay be held in any position to which they are adjusted by tightening upa nut, '6 on the stem 1.

On one side of the shell I is a bonnet, I in which is a guide, 6 for thestem 1, and on the other side thereof is a small cylinder, I, to whichis fitted a suitably-packed piston, I also fixed on the rod 1 cylinderis open, and as the piston I is unbalanced, the pressure of water on itsinner side, unlessthe valve is acted upon by an outside agent, willalways keep the valve 1 in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 7,when

the opening through the shell I will be comparatively unobstructed. Inthe outer end of The outer end of this cylinder A, where it is connectedto an arm, k, on a rock-shaft, J. This rock-shaft is here shown ashollow, and is fitted to turn on a fixed pin, Z, which is held inbrackets or arms Z, which are here shown as cast upon one end of thebuffer'bar G. The construction of the rockshaft J and its supports arebest shown in Fig. 10. The shaft, as before said, is hollow, and inorder to lubricate it a hole, is drilled down into the pin Z and anoil-cup, i is applied to its upper end. A hole is drilled into the sideof thepin, and thus the oil-passage 1 is made to communicate with thebore of the rock-shaft J, and the ample lubrication of the latter isprovided for. The rockshaft J also is provided with an arm, k, aud witha camlike arm, k which, with the arm k, are preferably all cast integralwith the shaft. The arm k has connected with it a push-rod, whichprojects into the cylinder and is struck by the piston D in its forwardmovement. The cam-like arm 70 is to be acted upon by a roller, m, on thecross-head E as it approaches the end of its inward movement, and thearm is is connected with the continuation of the valve-stem I", asbefore described. It will therefore be observed that no matter whetherthe rock-shaft J is operated by the piston D striking the push rod Hnear the end of its forward movement, or by the roller m striking andmoving along the cam-arm 76" near the end of the rearward movement ofthe cross head and piston, the action on the saftety or shut-off valvewill be the samenamely, to overcome the pressure on the unbalancedpiston I and bring the heads or disks I to the position shown by dottedlines in Fig. 7. This will of course close the valve, save for thegraduated leakage through the openings i which leakage will besufficient to move the piston very slowly and bring it to a state ofrest by rea son of it or the cross-head striking against the buffer barG. There the piston will remain until the main change or reversing valveis shifted, and the leakage through the graduated openings will then besufficient to start the piston D very slowly in the same direction andwith the same speed at which it was brought to rest. As the piston Drecedes from the rod or the roller m recedes from the cam-arm la thepressure of water on the unbalanced piston 1 causes it to follow andthereby to open the safety or shut off valve full and move the piston atfull speed. I do not necessarily make the valve heads or disks 1perforated or with holes 6*, as the regulated leakage might be providedfor by a separate pipe extending around the casing I or joining theportions of the passage H which are above and below said casing, and theresult would be substantially the same, the said pipe being providedwith a valve or cock.

The construction of the support for the roller m is best shown in Fig.9. It is fitted to a stud, m, which is to be fixed in the crosshead E,and the roller is surmounted by a head or washer, m which holds it inplace. An

oil-passage, is formed downward from the upper end of the stud m, and tothe exterior thereof and to the top of the stud is applied an oil-cup, mby which means oil is supplied to lubricate the bore of the roller m.

The cables F, after passing back and forth around the sheaves B B, arecarried upward, as shown in Fig. 1, and they therefore have a tendencyto lift the sheaves B. This is prevented by the secure attachment of thehead A to the cylinder; but to afford still greater security I providebraces A, which extend from the outer ends of the arms or brackets Adownward to one of the feet or re-enforcing brackets A By the termhydraulic as herein used, I mean to include any elevator operated by thepressure of liquid, be it water, oil, or any other substance.

By the term horizontal as used in this specification, I mean to includeall cylinders which are arranged upon their side in an inclined orapproximately horizontal or truly horizontal position.

I am aware that it is not new to employ buffers for arresting themovement of a reciproeating piston, and hence do not claim this,broadly, as of my invention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with the cylinder A, constructed withcircumferential reenforcing ribs or flanges A which also constitute feetor standards for supporting the cylinder, of the piston, piston-rod, andcrosshead, aset of sheaves, B, connected with the cross-head, and asecond set of sheaves, B, supported at the rear end of the cylinder,substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, with a hydraulic cylinder and piston and a change orreversing valve for controlling the flow of water to and from thecylinder, of an air-escape pipe leading from the top of the cylinder tothe valvecasing and controlled by said change or reversing valve,substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

3. The combination, with the horizontal cylinder A and its piston, ofthe change or reversing valve arranged as high as the top of thecylinder, and the air-escape pipe h, leading at an upward inclinationfrom the top of the cylinder to the valve-casing and con trolled by thevalve, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

4. The combination, with the horizontal cylinder A, its piston,piston-rod, and crosshead, of two sets of sheaves, B B, the change orreversing valve whereby the flow of water to and from the cylinder iscontrolled, and the water-passage H leading from said valve to thebottom of the cylinder at the rear end thereof, whereby the discharge ofany foreign matter from the cylinder will be facilitated, substantiallyas and for the purpose herein de scribed.

5. The combination, with the cylinder and piston of a hydraulic elevatorand the changeor reversing valve for controlling the direction ofmovement of the piston, of a safety or shut-off valve arranged betweenthe change or reversing valve, and the cylinder and appliances throughwhich said safety or shut-off valve is closed automatically as thepiston approaches the end of its movement, substantially as hereindescribed.

6. The combination, with the cylinder and piston of a hydraulic elevatorand a passage for liquid to and from the cylinder, of a shut-off orsafety valve arranged in said liquid-passage, an unbalanced piston forholding said valve normally open, and appliances through which saidvalve is moved automatically against the pressure of water on saidpiston to close the valve as the main piston approaches the end of itsmovement, substantially as herein described.

7. The combination, with the cylinder and piston of a hydraulic elevatorand a change or reversing valve for controlling the direction ofmovement of the piston, of a safety or shutoff valve arranged betweenthe change or reversing valve and the cylinder, and through which Waterflows to and from the cylinder, 7

and which is constructed to permit a regulated leakage when closed, andappliances whereby the closing of said valve is automatically effectedas the piston approaches the end of its movement, substantially asherein described.

8. The combination, with the piston and cylinder of a hydraulic elevatorand a change or reversing valve for controlling the direction ofmovement of the piston, of a valvecasing, I, arranged between the changeor re versing valve and the cylinder, and through which the water flowsto and from the cylinder, balanced valve disks or heads I,forcontrolling the How through the casing, each valve disk or head beingprovided with leakage openings and means for regulating them, andappliances whereby said valve disks or heads will be moved automaticallyto close as the piston approaches the end of its movement, substantiallyas herein described.

9. The combination, with the cylinder and piston of a hydraulic elevatorand the change or reversing valve for controlling the direction ofmovement of the piston, of the passage H leading from the change orreversing valve to the cylinder, the valve-casing I, in said passage,the valve disks or heads I, each composed of plates having correspondingseries of openings, 1*, and adjustable circumferentially to more or lessclose said openings, the valverod 1, and single nut 6 for securing theseveral plates of the two heads Iwhen regulated,

and appliances for automatically moving the rod to close the valve asthepiston approaches the end of its movement, substantially ashereindescribed.

10. The combination, with the cylinder and piston of a hydraulicelevator, of a change or reversing valve, a safety or shut-off valvebetween the change-valve and the cylinder, an unbalanced piston forholding said safety or shut-off valve normally open, and applianceswhereby said unbalanced piston and attached valve will be movedautomatically to close the valve as the main piston approaches the endof its movement, substantially as herein described.

11. The combination, with the cylinder and piston of a hydraulicelevator, of a change or reversingvalve, a safety or shut-off valvebetween the change-valve and cylinder and constructed to permit aregulated leakage when closed, an unbalanced piston for holding saidsafety or shutoff valve normally open, and appliances whereby saidsafety-valve will be closed automatically as themain piston approachesthe end of its movement, substantially as herein described.

12. The combination, with the cylinder and piston of a hydraulicelevator and thechange or reversing valve for controlling. the directionof movement of the piston, of the valve casing I, the disks or heads I,having regulated openings 4%, for leakage, the stem 1, the cylinder 1,having the shoulder *iflfor limiting the opening movement of the valve,and appliances whereby the valve will be closed automatically as themain piston approaches the end of its movement, substantially as hereindescribed.

13. The combination, with the cylinder, piston, piston-rod, and crosshead of ahydraulic elevator, of a safety or shut-off valve,through whichwater flows to and from the cylinder, a rock-shaft, J, having an arm, k,with which the stem of said valve is connected, and also having arms 70k, and the push-r0ds k*, connected with the arm is, all substantially asherein described.

14. The combination, with the cylinder and its re-enforcing ribs andseats 9* g, of the buffer-bar G and bolts whereby it is secured to thecylinder, the piston D, and cross-head E, and buffer-cushions c,interposed between the piston and cross-head and the buffer-bar,substantially as herein described.

GEO. H. REYNOLDS.

\Vitnesses:

O. HALL, C. R. CRANE.

